chapter 1

The first section of the prologue starts off with the explanation of the cosmic era and explaining how the Big Bang came to be. Afterwards, the whole solar system was formed and because of history we are able to identify how old items found on earth are and other such things. Throughout history, there are multiple revolutions that happened such as the Agriculture Revolution, Industrial revolution and others that are defining markers in our history. The Agriculture Revolution began after the Ice Age. At this time, the domestication of animals is beginning especially in Africa.
Approximating twelve thousand years ago new things started emerging and transformations were made in these human societies. there are specific eras such as the Neolithic era that technology was advancing. Although the importance of each era is subjective, the Neolithic era saw the domestication of animals and the new plants.

The first humans and human like creatures originated from Africa. Although there is proof to show that the first humans were there, weather conditions and other factors has wiped any trace of people. In Africa, there is evidence of early humans such as hunting and gathering, and also the exchange of items that were two-hundred miles away. Later on, the discovery of beads, ornaments, and other items marked changes, and lead to the question of social and symbolic life within the first human beings. The first traces of human activity can be traced back to South Africa.
Migration outside of Africa led to the Middle East at first, then, afterwards, it would spread west for example Europe and later southeast to Asia. When coming up to these places, there became apparent the traces of human settlement. Because of the Ice Age, many of the Northern Europeans and others moved toward the south regions of the continent. Through all the moving and migrations, humans were able to alter their skills in order to adapt to the new environment. Aside from altering skills, tools were made and altered such as a bow and arrow or other stone tools that were useful to their survival. Aside from survival, paintings in caves were showing up , therefore, the first records of humans and their life could be found. In the Eastern region of which other humans migrated there were other advancements and findings. It was more common to find pottery, baskets, and multilayered clothing. The first tracks of humans demonstrated that humans were nomadic but after settling in regions, humans were settling down permanently as opposed to continuing nomadic life.
Along with the cave paintings, it is common to see female figurines made out of many different materials. The features of these female figurines were exaggerated such as the hips and stomach and many other features that defined female attributes.
Migration to Australia followed afterwards. Humans that were in Indonesia, would soon migrate to Australia. At this point, boats were used for migration to Australia and although there were methods to reach the continent, the population of the continent was very small. In Australia, as many as 250 languages were developed to initiate trade of items such as cereal grasses, roots, and seeds. everything in Paleolithic Australia was connected and circulated.
Although migrations are known to have happen, there is no definitive moment or time to identify correctly when they happened, there are only approximations which are between 30,000 to 15,000 years ago.
In North America, the first type of culture to emerge was the Clovis culture. The Clovis people were different as opposed to their counterparts in other continents. The Clovis men used to hunt animals at a larger scale such as mammoth, and bison. The Clovis people were not just hunting. The Clovis people  would settle near bodies of water to improve the chances of hunting an animal. Although the Clovis people were smart, there was no archeological record available, because it seems that they have wiped themselves out. The reason believed for this to have happened, is that the Clovis wiped themselves out due to two factors. It is believed that the Clovis had hunted many animals that those animals were driven to extinction and to ultimate result, the Clovis people had to disappear as the source of food that they had was gone. Another factor that is believed to have led to the disappearance Clovis people.
The interesting part about history is being able to see the development of human societies and how they start off. In the beginning, Paleolithic societies started very small. These societies would not exceed fifty people. Although there were very personal relationships that were built and there many types of technology, populations in these societies were small due to overall population which would diminish due to natural disaster. After a while, the population started expanding at a very slow rate.
Men and women have many different roles in society and there is always a fight for equality. The role for men is hunters and the role for women is gatherers. Although men did the hunting and it improved the overall masculinity of the man, whatever he hunted only made up thirty percent of the diet. Women that gathered contributed to 70 percent of the diet.